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Learn how to write a good research question for a paper. Narrow your topic, identify a research problem, and create a focused question with practical examples.
Pennsylvania State University 3 credits SUR
This course provides a thorough background on geometric and physical geodesy. With respect to Geometric Geodesy the course covers: Computations to the ellipsoid and coordinate transformations between various coordinate systems, considering crustal plate motion. The astronomic, geodetic, and satellite coordinate systems are studied. Satellite navigation and positioning is discussed at a rudimentary level. With respect to Physical Geodesy the course covers: The Earth's gravity field, its measurement, reduction of gravity observations to the geoid, uses for gravity and gravity anomalies are studied. Geoid determination, Stokes's formula, the remove-restore methods, least-squares collocation. Vertical positioning and height datums and systems. Principles and applications of airborne, terrestrial, and satellite gravimetry and satellite altimetry.
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Learn how to write a good research question for a paper. Narrow your topic, identify a research problem, and create a focused question with practical examples.
Learn how to choose a research topic you can actually research. Discover how to narrow broad ideas, find reliable sources, and develop a focused research question.
Learn how to cite sources in a research paper using APA, MLA, and Chicago styles, with in-text citation examples and reference-list tips.